Reference Types

Reference Types

There are 3 types of cell references in Excel.

Relative Reference (default)
=A1

Mixed Reference 
=$A1+A$2
​
Absolute Reference 
=$A$1+$A$2

Insert the dollar sign in front of the column letters if you are going to copy and paste your formula horizontally across columns.
$A5

Insert the dollar sign in front of the row numbers if you are going to copy and paste your formula vertically across row.
A$5